Search engine for touristic excursions to any place in the world Gum diseases can be categorized into two broad groups, namely gingivitis and periodontitis.
Gingivitis is an inflammation in the gingivae (gums) in most age ranges but manifests more often in children and adults.
Periodontitis is surely an inflammation with subsequent destruction of the other tooth-supporting structures, namely the alveolar bone, periodontal ligament and cementum and subsequent lack of teeth. This condition mainly manifests during the early mid-life with severity increasing within the elderly.
Gingivitis can or may progress to periodontitis state in the individual.
Gum diseases have been discovered to become one of the most widespread chronic diseases all over the world which has a prevalence which is between 90 and 100 % in older adults over 35 years old in developing countries. They have been confirmed to be the explanation for tooth loss in individuals 4 decades and above.
Smelly breath is probably the major consequences of gum diseases.
A few of the terms which are greatly related to halitosis bad breath and gum diseases are listed below:
Dental Plaque- The fundamental desire for the prevention and treatments for a disease is surely an comprehension of its causes. The key source of gum diseases is bacteria, which form an intricate about the tooth surface called plaque. These bacteria’s are the cause of halitosis bad breath.
Dental plaque is bacterial accumulations on the teeth or other solid oral structures. When it’s of sufficient thickness, it seems being a whitish, yellowish layer mainly across the gum margins around the tooth surface. Its presence may also be discerned by the conventional dye or fluorescent dye (demonstrated by illumination with ultraviolet light), disclosing solution or by scraping your tooth surface over the gum margins.
When plaque is examined within the microscope, it reveals many several types of bacteria. Some desquamated oral epithelial cells and white blood cells are often present. The micro-organisms detected vary in line with the site where these are present.
You’ll find gram positive and gram negative organisms, filamentous and flagellated organisms, spirochetes or even small amounts of even yeasts, mycoplasma and protozoa.
Clean tooth surfaces after brushing are normally paid by a skinny layer of glycoproteins from saliva called pellicle. Pellicle enables the selective adherence of bacteria for the tooth surface.
In the initial hours, the bacteria proliferate to form colonies. Moreover, other organisms will even populate the pellicle from adjacent areas to create a complex accumulation of mixed colonies. The fabric present involving the bacteria is called intermicrobial matrix forming about 25 % of the plaque volume. This matrix is primarily extra cellular carbohydrate polymers produced by the bacteria from dietary sugars; salivary and gingival fluid components; and dying and dead bacteria.
Small quantities of plaque are compatible with gingival or periodontal health. Some people can resist larger amounts of plaque for very long periods without developing destructive periodontitis (inflammation and destruction from the supporting tissues) whilst they will exhibit gingivitis (inflammation from the gums or gingiva).
Diet And Plaque Formation- Diet may play an important part in plaque formation by modifying the amount and composition of plaque. More the plaque formation can be, you will have more smelly breath.
Fermentable sugars increase plaque formation given that they provide additional energy supply for bacterial metabolic process provide the raw materials (substrate) to the production of extra cellular polysaccharides.
Secondary Factors
Although plaque could be the primary cause of gum diseases, a number of others regarded as secondary factors, local and systemic, predispose towards plaque accumulation or affect the response of gum tissue to plaque. The area factors are:
1) Cavities inside the teeth;
2) Faulty fillings;
3) Food impaction;
4) Poorly designed partial dentures (dentures);
5) Orthodontic appliances;
6) Misaligned teeth;
7) mouth-breathing
8) Grooves on teeth or roots near gum margins;
9) Reduced salivary flow; and,
10) Smoking tobacco.
The systemic factors which potentially modify the gum tissues are:
1) Systemic diseases, e.g. type 2 diabetes, Down’s syndrome, AIDS, blood disorders and others;
2) Hormonal changes – during puberty, pregnancy, contraceptives intake and menopause;
3) Drug reactions, e.g. immunosuppressive drugs, antihypertensive drugs and antiepileptic drugs; and,
4) Dietary and nutritional factors, e.g. protein deficiency and vit c and B deficiency.
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